Improved coloring-material for dyeing- and printing



neat finders CHARLES LAUTH, or PARIS, FRANCE.

Letters Patent N 96,242, dated October 26, 1869.

\ IMPROVED COLORING-MATERIAL F612 DYBING AND PRINTING.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters P tent and making part of the same.

To all to whom these presents shall come.-

Be it known that I, CHARLES LAUTH, of Paris, in the Empire of France, chemist, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dyeing and Printing; and do hereby declare that the following is an exact description of the same. Y

Aniline black, which has hitherto been so extensively used in printing upon cotton fabrics, has only to a very small extent been employed for dyeing vegetable fibres, while it has not been capable of application for either dyeing or printing animal fibres to any extent whatever.

None of the processes hitherto adopted for these' purposes have succeeded, either because they presented insurmountable prai tical difficulties, or because they failed to produce the real aniline black, which is a product of considerable intensity and solidity.

This invention consists of improved means, whereby'both animal and vegetable fibres can be dyed or printed with aniline black.

For dyeing vegetable fibres, such as cotton, linen, hemp, wood, 850., the fibres are mordanted in a concentrated solution of a salt of manganese, and after desiccation, I eliminate the oxide of manganese by passing the fibre through an alkaline solution; I then transform this oxide into a scsquioxide or binoxide, by exposure to the atmosphere, or by passing it through chloride of lime.

In some cases, Isteep the fabriciu an alkaline manganate or permanganate, t-hns fixing the binoxide'of manganese.

My invention is therefore applicable to all processes having for their object the fixing of the superior oxides of manganese.

The fibres thus covered with oinoxide of manganese, are washed, then placed in an acid solution of aniline, and are instantaneously dyed black.

The dyeing-bath may be composed as follows:

Fpur litres seven pints) of water, two hundred grammes Seven ounces) of aniline, and four hundred grammcs'(= fourteen ounces) of hydrocholoric acid.

On the fibre or fabric being taken out of this bath, the black has a dark greenish tinge, which is always the case in the presence of an acid. It is then washed in water, or, better still, in an alkaline or soap-bath, and the black dye is then obtained in allits intensity.

1f desired, the material can, after the washing-process, be passed through a solution of hichromate of potash, by which means a still deeper black will be produced.

This invention may be applied with success to all processes used by printers for the treatment of aniline black.

For dyeing animal fibres, such as wool, silk, skins, cloth, feathers, ivory, 850., the same treatment may be employed as for vegetable fibres, but I prefer. to mordant with manganates and permanganates.

Each of the above-mentioned substances should be tteated'in rather a different manner. For instance, wool should be treated at a higher temperature than silk; skins and feathers with less concentrated solutions than wool and silk but it is useless to specify these circumstances, as they are well known to dyers, and are not specially adapted to my invention.

The dyeing-process may take place in a bath of asimilar composition to that above mentioned.

The concentration of the mordant, that of the bath, the nature of the acid, that of the alkaloid, (aniline, tolnidine,cnnnidine, naphtylaxnina) will vary accord-- ing to the shade of black desired, which may vary between the grayish-blue and violet-brown tint, and the deepest black.

The process that I have just described is not only applicable to dyeing yarns and fibres, but is also applicable'to printing woven fabrics. In that case, however, I print with themordant, instead of uniformly mordanting the fibre, the other operations remaining the same.

Thus many materials may be dyed'and printed upon, to which materials it has been impossible,'up to the present time, to apply such processes.

In a modification of my invention, I form a mixture of either regenerated or precipitated peroxide of manganese, of a neutral salt of aniline, and of a salt of ammonia, or of any other agentcapable of decomposing the peroxide of manganese, when acted upon by steam. I print this color, and thus vaporize it, thus a producing aniline black.

The sesq-uioxide and binoxide of manganese, of which I have exclusively spoken, may be replaced by other oxides or metallic acids, rich in oxygen, or by certain salts, such as manganates and permanganates, (baryta, copper, 850.,) or by chloride of lead, &c.

It may be thus seen'that I prefer to use, as mor dants, insoluble substances, rich in oxygen or chlorine, susceptible of as easiest decomposition, and consequently capable of developing aniline black by simply bringing them -into contact with an acid solution of aniline. i

The insolnbility' of these inordants allows them to thoroughly combine with the articles undergoing the process of dyeing, besides avoiding the disadvantage,

so common at present, of the fgn-mation of black in the bath, instead of the black being developed on the fibres themselves.

I claim, as my invention The process herein described for dyeing animal and vegetable fibres or fabrics, aniline black.

In testimony whereof, I'have signed my name to this specification, before two subscribingwitnesses. CH. LAUTH.

Witnesses:

F. Onoorr,

J. ARMENGAUD. 

